The American Election and Others

 

Essay on Etemad Newspaper, November 5, 2020 - 
 
 

 

 

The original text is in Persian and the following translation was done by Ai.
 

As the controversial US presidential election approaches, more speculation and rumors are heard in the news every day. If we look at the past thirty years, that is, after the end of the Cold War and the collapse of the Soviet Union, we can intuitively see that the process of developments in the domestic politics of many countries is different from the past. The most important of these differences is the type of increasing influence and impact of these domestic developments on each other and on international politics. Certainly, the political history of the world is also full of evidence of influencing and being influenced by the domestic politics of countries. But what seems clear is the change that the flow of information is faster and more widespread in different parts of the world. Now, not only do politicians and experts follow the domestic politics of other countries, but at the same time, even in the most remote villages of a country like Iran, politics and elections in the United States are followed in detail.

In addition to communications and the pervasive flow of information, the impact of people's lives on this issue and the motivation to follow the news is also effective: the fact that a country is sanctioned and finds its own problems makes the issue of politics in the sanctioning country more important both for the citizens of that country and for all traders and producers who are affected by these sanctions in third countries and, for example, are prevented from exporting goods or traveling to the sanctioned country or have been subject to restrictions or penalties due to non-compliance. This is also a recent issue due to the narrowing of banking and commercial connections, which are increasingly under the scrutiny of international and national institutions.

The above introduction and today's observations show that on the one hand, the people and politicians of the countries of the world are watching November 3rd today, and on the other hand, this is also the game of the elections in the United States, which is within the scope of influence of the actions of other countries, so that there is always the claim that other powers, and most of all Russia, China, and Iran, are trying to influence the election candidates and even the process of holding it through advertising or hacking, etc.

That is why it is always important to be able to provide a correct analysis of the various sides of this multilateral policy around an issue such as the upcoming elections in Washington. But it seems that the last analysis that can be provided is about the United States itself. Because the whole issue in America depends on very fine details that take the issue beyond the level of analysis and limit it to the separation of situations, and we only have a percentage of nearly fifty percent for choosing each of the two main candidates, and the rest is guesswork and favoritism.

But if we were to examine the five (for us) important axes around this imminent event, perhaps we would have done a more meaningful job. These five axes, in the author's opinion, are the unofficial tendencies of the political rulers in the Middle East (Arabs and Israel), the European Union, China and Russia, and most importantly, Iran:

The Middle East: The main players in this region are, of course, the Arab countries and Israel, which today, whether said or unsaid, have somewhat common positions towards a common enemy or rival called Iran, and even in an election show in Trump's favor, several small countries have agreed to establish belated official relations with Israel. The description "belated" is mentioned because it has been and is obvious to everyone that a country like the United Arab Emirates has had unofficial and somewhat secret relations with Israel for years, and even trade and security exchanges are ongoing between these two sovereignties. Therefore, presenting this issue in the US election scene only shows the desire of the parties to this game - namely the Arab countries and Israel - to keep Trump in the White House. If we look at Obama's tense relationship with Netanyahu and the failure to support Saudi Arabia's rule during the recent Democratic era, there is no doubt that these Arab countries - mostly Saudi Arabia, the UAE and Bahrain - and Israel, which have been struggling with Iran in recent years in various regions, including Yemen and Syria, are doing everything they can to avoid losing a full-fledged supporter like Trump in Washington. Naturally, arms and energy exchanges - especially with the Iranian oil embargo and its replacement by Saudi Arabia - have lucrative dimensions and clear material incentives in this sense. Europe: The reality is that the countries of the liberal democratic bloc, including the European Union led by Germany and France, the United Kingdom and the United States, have an unwritten but guaranteed peace with each other despite all the tensions. In addition, the economic and commercial interdependence of these countries means that even with someone like Trump, the strategic inclinations of the remaining countries are to maintain the level and security of relations with the United States. But this does not prevent European and British politicians from being indifferent to the choice of either. Naturally, given the serious differences of opinion between Europe and Trump's America on international issues, including the issue of Iran and, above all, trade relations between Europe and the United States (the issue of tariffs), the first inclination of the Green Continent will be to replace Trump with a conventional, reasonable, and mature politician like Biden, who will have the credibility of a person like Barack Obama behind him and probably people like Kerry, Burns, and Susan Rice on his team.

Two other factors should be added to this issue, both around Britain. One is the unimportant factor of Boris Johnson's personal relations with Trump, which has no effect on the issue due to the island's strong parliamentary system, and the other is the important issue of Brexit and the European Union, which, given the possible distancing of the United Kingdom from Europe, requires the country to strengthen relations with the United States, especially in the trade dimension. This may, given Trump's right-wing and unilateralist stance on the European Union, increase London's greed for making and receiving concessions from Trump and increase its desire to keep him in the White House.

 

China: China's position on the US election is based on two main aspects: the issue of tariffs and the issue of the country's peaceful emergence as an economic superpower. The issue of tariffs is very decisive and fundamental for China, to the extent that it has been interpreted as a "tariff war" and a "new Cold War". Trump's emphasis on disrupting the tariff order between these two economic giants, of course, puts Beijing's desire, whose first priority in every issue is the economy, to bypass Trump. On the other hand, according to many analyses, China, with the current order, will become the world's leading economic power by the middle of this decade and therefore will not welcome anything that changes these equations to its detriment. Trump, as an American right-winger, has the greatest desire to secure trade relations with China, which will cause tension and, as a result, postpone China's goal of overtaking the US economy. Therefore, Beijing is also inclined to change the current team in the White House completely and adopt a more multilateral approach by the new ruling body.

 

 

Russia: The largest country in the world, but despite its presence in a bloc aligned with China and Iran, it does not see its unofficial interests aligned with these two countries. This is because, unlike China, Moscow's main focus in its foreign relations is not on the economy but on the security and strategic dimensions. Strategically, and due to the lack of fundamental economic competition with the United States (as China has) and necessity (as Iran is experiencing), Moscow seeks to advance on strategic ground above all. This analysis must be evaluated in the context of the transition from the current international order. That is, Putin prefers to bypass his short-term interests, which may not be very significant, and instead deprive his long-time rival of the maximum support of his allies, the Europeans, and thanks to the existence of Trump, sees the United States becoming more isolated every day than yesterday. This has been happening for four years and, according to the analysis that the Kremlin probably believes, if it continues for another four years, it will have distanced itself from Europe as a whole and China will have sufficiently advanced from it, and therefore Russia's military and strategic interests will be secured in the medium term.

 

 

Iran: Regardless of the official position, which is of little real importance, the main unofficial desire in Tehran is not to vote for Trump. This, of course, does not necessarily mean political investment in this issue. But the reality is that to reach this conclusion, examining the history of Iran-US relations throughout the post-revolutionary era is marginal and worthless. Because politics is focused on the “here and now” and is a matter of moments. Certainly, Iran’s policies at the beginning of the revolution should not and cannot be compared with today. Post-revolutionary situations, war, sanctions, post-JCPOA, etc. are only different situations on one side of the story, Iran, which are unrelated and none of them can be imitated and concluded from the other. Now, this issue also has other sides that affect the entire equation.

 

 

In the United States, too, it cannot be concluded that because all the ruling tendencies in the past forty years have been more or less incompatible with the Islamic Republic, they are not much different from each other. The reality is that this implicit and unspoken desire of Iran is the result of several factors, including the agreement it has recently reached with the Obama-Kerry faction in the Democratic Party, the efficient foreign relations team that has recently become known to the public, the personal relationships of some Iranian politicians with the Biden faction and him, Iran's official position against Trump's determination not to negotiate with him and his government and, as a result, to preserve its prestige for considering any kind of opening in the near future, which of course has an impact on the upcoming presidential elections in Iran, where each faction is trying to untie the knot and gain credibility.

Of course, regardless of domestic competitions, this game must be played with the team and as carefully as possible, because the power that Trump has in building a consensus against Iran is extremely strong for Biden, and this means that playing with Biden's card must be sure and fast, so that it cannot be postponed and made conditional on the presidential elections in Iran next year, and whatever it wants to happen must be done immediately and unconditionally. Because prolonging this issue will make it possible for the views of others - not only Europe, but even Russia and China - to move closer to America.